As of 2011[update], Nhn Dn ('The People') and the Xinhua News Agency are the only foreign media organisations permitted to open offices in Laosboth opened bureaus in Vientiane in 2011. [19][20][21][22][23] In the Lao language, the country's name is Muang Lao () or Pathet Lao (), both of which literally mean 'Lao Country'. The Lao government has been working with the International Rice Research Institute of the Philippines to collect seed samples of each of the thousands of rice varieties found in Laos. Between 1995 and 2008 approximately 1,232,900 more people had access to improved sanitation in rural areas. Most of the population (63%) resides within . [citation needed], Laos's emergence from international isolation has been marked through improved and expanded relations with other countries including Russia, China, Thailand, Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan and Switzerland. Under the plan, refugee status was evaluated through a screening process. [110][111], Human rights advocates including Vang Pobzeb, Kerry and Kay Danes, and others have also raised concerns about human rights violations, torture, the arrest and detention of political prisoners as well as the detention of foreign prisoners in Laos including at the infamous Phonthong Prison in Vientiane. Zaisan Memorial,Ulan Bator,Mongolia. [123] Approximately 77% of Lao farm households are self-sufficient in rice. He encouraged a renaissance of Lao fine arts and literature and improved relations with Luang Phrabang. The small nation is bordered by China, Myanmar, Vietnam, Thailand, and Cambodia. It consists of an irregularly round portion in the north that narrows into a peninsula-like region stretching to the southeast. The city of Vientiane is located on the Mekong River's bank near the Laos-Thailand border, and is the seat of the countrys national government. (Lao: , pronounced Loo-ang pah-bang and also spelled Louangphrabang, is the former capital of Laos and a UNESCO World Heritage city. Only 4% of the country is arable land and a mere 0.3% used as permanent crop land,[120] the lowest percentage in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Jaew can refer to any type of dipping sauce, of which Laos has a never ending abundance. [166], Australian filmmaker Kim Mordount's first feature film was made in Laos and features a Laotian cast speaking their native language. Built on three levels, it symbolises the ascent from earth to heaven. "[81] Republicans called several Congressional hearings on alleged persecution of the Hmong in Laos in an apparent attempt to generate further support for their opposition to the Hmong's repatriation to Laos. 1353 - Lan Xang (Million Elephants) Kingdom, founded in the 14th century by Fa Ngum. [114][115][116], The Lao economy depends on investment and trade with its neighbours, Thailand, Vietnam, and, especially in the north, China. Address: 133 Chanthakhoummarn Road, Chanthabouly district. In 2017, the country sent a team for the first time to the team events at the Southeast Asian Games. A Chinese firm's plans to build a 100-meter-high Buddha statue in low-lying Vientiane encapsulate China's outsized . Theravada Buddhism is a dominant influence in Lao culture. Department of Statistics, Ministry of Planning and Investment, 2009. Laos will . [73] The officials were to participate in a ceremony to mark the liberation of the Plain of Jars from the former Royal Lao government forces. In a 23 October 1995 National Review article, Michael Johns, the former Heritage Foundation foreign policy expert and Republican White House aide, labelled the Hmong's repatriation a Clinton administration "betrayal", describing the Hmong as a people "who have spilled their blood in defense of American geopolitical interests". [155] Government expenditure on health is about four percent of GDP,[155] about US$18 (PPP) in 2006. [109], Laos and Vietnamese (SRV) troops were reported to have raped and killed four Christian Hmong women in Xiangkhouang Province in 2011, according to the US-based non-governmental public policy research organisation The Centre for Public Policy Analysis, which also said other Christian and independent Buddhist and animist believers were being persecuted. Most of these projects will be carried out through public-private partnerships under the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model as the government is encouraging the private sector . Located on the Mekong River the city has 950,000 inhabitants. Visiting Vientiane, Laos, elicits such a diversity of opinions from travelers, it's often hard . [28], Laos traces its history to the kingdom of Lan Xang ('million elephants'), which was founded in the 13th century by a Lao prince, Fa Ngum,[29]:223 whose father had his family exiled from the Khmer Empire. [87], Lending further support to earlier claims that the government of Laos was persecuting the Hmong, filmmaker Rebecca Sommer documented first-hand accounts in her documentary, Hunted Like Animals,[88] and in a comprehensive report that includes summaries of refugee claims and was submitted to the UN in May 2006. [47][51] The royalists set up a government in exile in the United States. The first Lao kingdom, called Lan Xang or "land of the million elephants," was founded by Fa Ngum in 1353. [1] These earliest human migrants are Australo-Melanesians associated with the Hoabinhian cultureand have populated the highlands . [17][18], The word Laos was coined by the French, who united the three Lao kingdoms in French Indochina in 1893 and named the country as the plural of the dominant and most common ethnic group, the Lao people. The Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, where the mountains of the Annamite Range form most of the eastern border with Vietnam and the Luang Prabang Range the northwestern border with the Thai highlands. [167] One production company's film that has succeeded to produce Lao feature films and gain international recognition is Lao New Wave Cinema's At the Horizon, directed by Anysay Keola, that was screened at the OzAsia Film Festival[168] and Lao Art Media's Chanthaly (Lao: ) directed by Mattie Do, which was screened at the 2013 Fantastic Fest. France remained in de facto control until 22 October 1953, when Laos gained full independence as a constitutional monarchy. Recognised asylum seekers were given resettlement opportunities, while the remaining refugees were to be repatriated under guarantee of safety. The Lao League is the top professional league for association football clubs in the country. It was founded in 1563 and was prompted by fears of attacks from Burma. Of the many beautiful Wats in Vientiane, a visit to Wat Sisaket is a must; built in 1818, this is one of the oldest temples in Vientiane. Its first railway line, a short 3-km long metre-gauge railway that connects southern Vientiane to Thailand, only opened in 2009. SE Asia. The city is Laos' capital and is located along the banks of the Mekong River. For example, Khammu farmers in Luang Prabang plant the rice variety khao kam in small quantities near the farm house in memory of dead parents, or at the edge of the rice field to indicate that parents are still alive.[162]. Besides, this place is also considered a library containing many ancient books written by hand on palm leaves. ", "Evaluation Synthesis of Rice in Lao PDR", "Starting an Asian Cinema: Laos Past and Present", "Good Good Morning, Luang Prabang and hello to Laos's film industry", "Q&A with director Kim Mordaunt (The Rocket)", "A tale of revenge in Laos challenges censors", "Fantastic Fest 2013 Review: Chanthaly is A Haunting Portrait of Modern Day Laos", "Laos Selects 'Dearest Sister' as First Foreign-Language Oscar Submission", "Cannes: Southeast Asia Is Ready for Its Big-Screen Close-up", "Laos: Crony scheme in control of press and civil society", "Social Discrimination in the Lao People's Democratic Republic", "Muay Lao, the forgotten art of kickboxing", "Laos Stumbles on Path to Sporting Glory", Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), ASEANRepublic of Korea Commemorative Summit, Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, ASEANAustralia Development Cooperation Program, Outstanding Scientist and Technologist Award, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Assemble parlementaire de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopration Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laos&oldid=1142166912, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, States and territories established in 1949, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Articles with failed verification from January 2021, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2021, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 21:55. [147] Ten percent belong to other "lowland" groups, which together with the Lao people make up the Lao Loum (lowland people). [141] Access rose rapidly from 10 percent in 1995 to 38 percent in 2008. Muay Lao is an ancient martial art practiced throughout Laos, but mainly in the capital of Vientiane. The main investor is Thailand. Updated on November 19, 2021. Laos can be considered to consist of three geographical areas: north, central, and south. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Trc , FPT Capital ng k bn 1 triu c phiu TPB tng ng 0,063% vn iu l ngn hng. The Capital City of Laos (officially named Lao People's Democratic Republic) is the city of Vientiane.The population of Vientiane in the year 2007 was 6,521,998. Foreign enterprises must report on their performance annually and submit annual financial statements to MPI. At the heart of the Indochinese Peninsula, Laos is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and southwest. Setthathirath became king in 1548, after his father was killed, and ordered the construction of what became the symbol of Laos, That Luang. Additionally, many elite and French-educated Lao immigrated to nations such as the United States and France to escape government persecution. In 2017, Laos suffered fiscal and monetary difficulties which resulted in low levels of foreign reserves. It is a hand-woven silk skirt that can identify the woman who wears it in a variety of ways. Between 20,000 and 62,000 Laotians died during the civil war. The capital city of Hanoi is ready to further expand friendship and cooperation activities in various fields, including those of people-elected . Jaew. The Lao National Tourism Administration, related government agencies and the private sector are working together to realise the vision put forth in the country's National Ecotourism Strategy and Action Plan. More than a century later, the kingdom was replaced by the Kingdom of Vientiane in 1707. [98][99] Prominent civil society advocates, human rights defenders, political and religious dissidents, and Hmong refugees have disappeared at the hands of Lao military and security forces. [78] Of those Hmong who did return to Laos, some quickly escaped back to Thailand, describing discrimination and brutal treatment at the hands of Lao authorities. ::", "Global Religious Landscape; Table: Religious Composition by Country", "Human Development Report 2009. [184], Laos has no tradition in other team sports. The revised constitution of 11 May 1957 omitted reference to the French Union, though close educational, health and technical ties with the former colonial power persisted. More than half of the nation's population is ethnic Laothe principal lowland inhabitants, and the politically and culturally dominant people of Laos. Major religion Buddhism. [13] Because of its central geographical location in Southeast Asia, the kingdom became a hub for overland trade and became wealthy economically and culturally. [112] Laos is an origin country for sexually trafficked persons. However, as of 2018, there are approximately 1.9million of Lao's population who could not access an improved water supply and 2.4million people without access to improved sanitation. One of the most problematic economic sectors in Laos is transport. A coup d'tat in 1960 in the Lao capital, Vientiane, deepened the country's political instability. 900-1300 AD - Most of Laos is subordinate to the Khmer Empire at Angkor. It is estimated that about 37% of educated Laotians live outside Laos. [64] A new province, Xaisomboun province, was established on 13 December 2013. [49] Due to the particularly heavy impact of cluster bombs during this war, Laos was a strong advocate of the Convention on Cluster Munitions to ban the weapons and was host to the First Meeting of States Parties to the convention in November 2010. Situated on a curve of the Mekong River, Laos's Capital has a recorded history that stretches back to around 1,000 AD. [76], In 1989, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), with the support of the US government, instituted the Comprehensive Plan of Action, a programme to stem the tide of Indochinese refugees from Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia. The Lao subsequently established their own kingdom named the Lan Xang in 1354. In 1996 as the deadline for the closure of Thai refugee camps approached, and under mounting political pressure, the United States agreed to resettle Hmong refugees who passed a new screening process. Laos is a part of the Southeast Asian region. [113] A number of citizens, primarily women and girls from all ethnic groups and foreigners, have been victims of sex trafficking in Laos. Currently unexploded ordnance (UXO), including cluster munitions and mines, kill or maim approximately 50 Laotians every year. They were to have been released by October 2009, but their whereabouts remain unknown. Southeast Asia is a region in the southern part of Asia that is composed of 11 countries: Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand . [63] There is a distinct rainy season from May to October, followed by a dry season from November to April. Laos became independent in 1953, with a constitutional monarchy under Sisavang Vong. In 2010, one in every 11 jobs was in the tourism sector. The Tai-Kadai Languages, ":: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.o.c. When he died without an heir, the kingdom split into three principalities. [150] Languages like Khmu (Austroasiatic) and Hmong (Hmong-Mien) are spoken by minorities, particularly in the midland and highland areas. A new province, Xaisomboun province , was established on 13 December 2013. Laos Laos is the only . These include the Presidential Palace and the National Assembly of Laos. [72], On 17 May 2014, Defence Minister and Deputy Prime Minister Douangchay Phichit was killed in a plane crash, along with other top ranking officials. THE government of the Lao People's Democratic Republic has petitioned the District Court for the NMI to enforce foreign arbitral awards against Bridge Capital LLC and its principal John Baldwin in the total amount of $5,026,983.98. Pakse. [32], In 1520, Photisarath came to the throne and moved the capital from Luang Prabang to Vientiane to avoid a Burmese invasion. [102][103], However, the government of Laos frequently breaches its own constitution and the rule of law, since the judiciary and judges are appointed by the ruling communist party. In fact, it feels more like a welcoming village, nestled in a bend of the Mekong River, Vientiane is dotted with temples and quirky, accessible attractions like the Buddha Park featuring surreal statues of the Buddha and the Monk Chat, a monthly opportunity to hang out with, you guessed it, monks. [66][67] The incumbent head of government is Prime Minister Sonexay Siphandone. According to the International Monetary Fund, as of 01.01.2020, they amounted to USD 1.128 million. [121] The irrigated areas under cultivation account for only 28% of the total area under cultivation which, in turn, represents only 12% of all of the agricultural land in 2012. Five of them were arrested and subsequently sentenced to up to 10 years imprisonment on charges of treason. ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) Policy Brief Series, No 7. It is stretched out on the north-eastern bank of a bend in the Mekong River. Under Vietnamese pressure, he rebelled against the Siamese in 1826. The capital of Laos is Vientiane. The only legal political party is the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). [144], The people of Laos are often categorised by their distribution by elevation: (lowlands, midlands and upper high lands) as this somewhat correlates with ethnic groupings. King Sisavang Vong of Luang Phrabang became ruler of a unified Laos, and Vientiane once again became the capital. President Biden committed the United States to be the world's arsenal . [33], In 1637, when Sourigna Vongsa ascended the throne, Lan Xang further expanded its frontiers. Wat Sisaket, Luang, and Phra Keo are the three most . Since July, 2021 the United States has shared 2,908,440 safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine doses with the people of Laos - free of cost. Take more wonderful experiences in this Mystery . [54][55], The conflict between Hmong rebels and Laos continued in key areas of Laos, including in Saysaboune Closed Military Zone, Xaisamboune Closed Military Zone near Vientiane Province and Xiangkhouang Province. Pathet Lao held areas used Lao as their sole language and following the end of the Vietnam War, French began its sharp decline in Laos. [79], In 1993, Vue Mai, a former Hmong soldier and leader of the largest Hmong refugee camp in Thailand, who had been recruited by the USEmbassy in Bangkok to return to Laos as proof of the repatriation programme's success, disappeared in Vientiane. 1 Vientiane the increasingly busy capital on the banks of the Mekong River; 2 Huay Xai in the north, on the Mekong and the border with Thailand; 3 Luang Namtha capital of the north, known for its trekking; 4 Luang Prabang a UNESCO World Heritage City known for its numerous temples, colonial era architecture, and vibrant night market; 5 Muang Xay also known as . Local tradition holds that there are three seasons (rainy, cool and hot) as the latter two months of the climatologically defined dry season are noticeably hotter than the earlier four months. 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