Am J Psychiatry. Some supplementary methods for the analysis of the RBANS. 0000026132 00000 n For example, in a study comparing several diagnostic criteria for dementia (including NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for AD) to neuropathology, the diagnostic criteria had low sensitivity and high specificity (Holmes, Cairns, Lantos, & Mann, 1999). The Author 2010. This approval level enables you to buy all our assessments. If there One opinion on this matter comes from Dr Ronald Petersen in his 2004 paper (p. 189): In the literature, the cutoff score of 1.5 SD below age norms has been suggested by some investigators. First, the mean scores on the RBANS for the comparison group were clearly in the average range (e.g., RBANS Total = 48th percentile) and not suggestive of cognitive impairments. }HuO9-rX J/AMNg:NFRwOH7f f9~6lW 0000013059 00000 n The present MCI sample was larger, older, and had more women than Duff and colleagues' AD sample. In the current study, significant differences were observed between patients diagnosed with amnestic MCI and comparison elders on only three Indexes (Immediate Memory, Language, and Delayed Memory) and only six subtests (List Learning, Semantic Fluency, Coding, List Recall, Story Recall, and Figure Recall). Diagnostic accuracy was estimated using ROC curves and the calculation of AUC via non-parametric analyses using SPSS 15.0. 0000023940 00000 n Epub 2017 Nov 29. To begin testing the primary aims of the paper, an ANCOVA was used to compare the two groups on the RBANS Total Scale score; two MANCOVAs were conducted to compare scores from the two groups on the 5 Indexes and 12 subtests of the RBANS. Seventy-one individuals were classified as intact. ROC curves for selected RBANS Indexes. Although most cognitive tests were corrected for age and education, three were not (BVMT-R, HVLT-R, and WRAT-3 Reading). In the other cases, less than a week separate these two visits. If you want to add the RBANS Update to your account, visit ouronline order formand select the "Add test(s) to existing account" option. the browser treats them as text files), hold For example, the initial studies of MCI from the Mayo clinic group used a threshold that was generally 1.5 SDs below age- and education-matched control subjects (Petersen et al., 1999, p. 307). As noted above, our method of classifying MCI required individuals to fall 1.5 SD below an estimate of premorbid intellect (i.e., WRAT-3 Reading). Brief cognitive assessment in schizophrenia: normative data for the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status. government site. As can be seen in Table1, participants classified as amnestic MCI (single- or multidomain) and cognitively intact were comparable in education (p = .81), gender (p = .09), and GDS scores (p = .06). During an in-person screening visit, all participants completed the WRAT-3 Reading subtest, 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and RBANS (Form A). Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies No one was classified as demented (i.e., both impaired memory and other cognitive domains and functional impairments). 2 0 obj Guidance on using this test in your telepractice. Men performed better than women on the Visuospatial/Constructional Index (Cohen's d= .47). The following training events are available for RBANS Update. However, there were notable differences between these two samples (e.g., Hobson's sample was recruited from a Memory Disorder Clinic vs. community-dwelling sample; Hobson's sample used age-corrected scores vs. age- and education-corrected scores; Hobson's sample examined multiple subtypes of MCI vs. only amnestic MCI). All classifications were made following the baseline visit, so examiners were blinded to classification at the screening and baseline visits. FOIA 0000054891 00000 n PMC ; ; ; ; ; ; ; v ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 0000001947 00000 n 2013 May 6;13:127. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-13-127. The software is provided gratuitously and, accordingly, the author shall not RBANSalso has utility as a screener for neurocognitive status in younger patients. It should not be surprising that a milder condition (e.g., MCI) separates less well from healthy controls than a more severe condition (e.g., AD). These cutoff scores would be equivalent to standard scores (i.e., M = 100, SD = 15) of 85, 77, and 70, respectively. << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /ColorSpace << /Cs1 3 0 R >> /Font << /F1.0 0000019198 00000 n . A. RBANS Index and subtest scores (from the screening visit) are presented in Table2. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. For bilateral hippocampal volume, significant correlations were observed for 4 of the 5 Indexes, Total Scale score, and 9 of 12 subtests, with smaller hippocampi being related to lower RBANS . Notes: SN = sensitivity; SP = specificity. For example, 1 SD below the mean can represent the lower end of normal (16th percentile); 1.5 SD below the mean has been frequently cited in the literature identifying impairment in MCI (Petersen et al., 2001); and 2 SD below the mean more clearly falls into the impaired range (2nd percentile). It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide, This PDF is available to Subscribers Only. We are unable to identify your country location. The project described was supported a research grant (R03 AG025850-01; K23 AG028417-01A2) from the National Institute on Aging. The RBANS ( Randolph, 1998) is a brief, individually administered test measuring attention, language, visuospatial/constructional abilities, and immediate and delayed memory. It was hypothesized that the MCI participants would perform more poorly than matched peers on most RBANS Index and subtest scores, especially on those that assess learning and memory, as our sample was primarily amnestic MCI (single- or multidomain). For example, as the cutoff on the Total Scale score shifts from 1.0 to 2.0 SD, sensitivity decreases (0.549 to 0.099) and specificity increases (0.800 to 0.968). << /Length 1 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> 0000045064 00000 n To avoid circularity, only baseline assessment results were used in the classification of participants, and these results were independent of the screening visit (i.e., RBANS). In the AD sample of Duff and colleagues (2008), the participants with dementia fell significantly below comparison subjects on all 5 Index scores and all 12 subtest scores. N2QNwOdzLawqbf5y@lg.aABX5y|5g8armNR}d w/#&{/q73Tcz^V2'@P+ %G+Hc Before Although significant differences were observed between groups and the areas under the curves were adequate, the lower sensitivity values of the RBANS suggests that caution should be used when diagnosing conditions such as MCI. 55 0 obj<>stream xb```f````c`g`@ V(Gv]d4ab4x? Abstract The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS; Randolph, 1998) is a screening battery designed to measure attention and processing speed, expressive language, visual-spatial and constructional abilities, and immediate and delayed memory. Sensitivity and specificity at cutoff scores of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 SD below the mean of the cognitively intact comparison group for all Index and individual subtest scores are presented in Table3. Repeat evaluations when an alternate form is needed to control for content practice effects. This criterion should be interpreted in conjunction with the first criterion. Percentile Insert Raw Score 20-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80-89 Age 40-49 Age 50-59 Age 60-69 Age 70-79 Age 80-89 Range of Scores Select Age Range RBANS PERCENTILE CALCULATOR * 3 (2004). 0000019246 00000 n =[{/0f-0A/kE5T`r$S`o)JjP["vZMkKi Jk'n$YKI8vdK ;8' \ 9ThAU;ICl)9wkd_Kk-6Dr2n,l&DdJi Cbhs5}Cg[-y,uxJo#98\(#; O{]v&rXgu^47*"Wx|72f"-"aU8Nh{3V. Diagnostic utility information of RBANS Indexes and subtests. The current study examined the clinical utility of the RBANS by comparing two groups: Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI; n = 72) and cognitively intact peers (n = 71). If your network does not allow downloads Notes: Means and standard deviations (in parentheses) are reported for all RBANS scores. Given the sample sizes of the MCI subtypes and the relatively greater interest in the field in amnestic MCI, it was decided to combine all amnestic subtypes (single- and multidomains) into one group (n = 72) and exclude the other MCI cases from further analyses (n = 25). stream Schizophr Res. Overall, the performance of this inpatient sample was very similar to the clinical normative data presented by Wilk et al. Subtest scores now available in addition to index scores. MCI = Mild Cognitive Impairment; WRAT-3 = Wide Range Achievement Test-3 Reading subtest; GDS = Geriatric Depression Scale; BVMT-R = Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised; HVLT-R = Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised; COWAT = Controlled Oral Word Association Test; TMT = Trail Making Test; SDMT = Symbol Digit Modalities Test. For example, an individual who is premorbidly in the high average range (e.g., 84th percentile) needs to decline by approximately 77 percentile points to break the 1.5 SD below the normative mean. Q-interactiveWeb-based Administration and Scoringor Manual Scoring. of executables then downloading the zip file is a solution. In index level, the improvements were observed in the H\= [W@ S wC/{T_3`LaaGLaD#y{Osf$Hpt+0w w9Hp&SX6sM%q95p#eXX]d`i, :7-T(SH4&2ZA+ K` 03f18[afpc;X8zuBZL`yunP0sm48.ajpkgLhn3^ La{o/JfC=#gqU2Yi^f&.3@s"PRynD>+snJ:CR,4]\'`=]uHc#F{xXIM=qlmx&o}$9/6y`l9}Z-lNdsMt=s&r@g&W]8F4] {CPKiCk@K+O8tY/ej@i6"03n=w=kP'>\ ! When examining all five Index scores simultaneously, it was common for inpatients to obtain three or more frankly impaired scores (i.e., less than the 2nd percentile). PLoS One. Includes Stimulus Book B (Print), 25 Record Forms B (Print), Score Template B, Includes Stimulus Book C (Print), 25 Record Forms C (Print), Score Template C, Includes Stimulus Book D (Print), 25 Record Forms D (Print), Score Template D, Includes Stimulus Books A-D (Print), Coding Templates A-D and Manual (Print); designed for Clinical Trials or Research where Record Forms will be acquired in alternative formats. In fact, the RBANS Immediate and Delayed Memory Indexes in this group averaged 97.9 and 92.4, respectively. Examples of these modifications include: Less exact measurements, emphasizing the majority of correct elements, and discouraging the use of a ruler or protractor for measuring elements. immediate memory, visuospatial / constructional processing, language, attention and delayed memory, and consists of 12 subtests. 0 0 ; \ - " " # , # # 0 . Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. Premorbid intellect at baseline was average (Wide Range Achievement Test-3 [WRAT-3] Reading: M = 107.8, SD = 6.2). When these means are compared to MOANS normative data for 79-year olds, most fall at about 1.5 SD below the mean (e.g., Logical Memory II = scaled score of 5, Visual Reproductions II = scaled score of 7, RAVLT percent retention = scale score of 6). Gmez-Benito J, Guilera G, Pino , Rojo E, Tabars-Seisdedos R, Safont G, Martnez-Arn A, Franco M, Cuesta MJ, Crespo-Facorro B, Bernardo M, Vieta E, Purdon SE, Mesa F, Rejas J; Spanish Working Group in Cognitive Function. Follow-up univariate statistics revealed that three Indexes were significantly different between the groups (Immediate Memory, Language, and Delayed Memory). (2010) found considerably lower scores on the Delayed Memory Index than in the current sample (77.0 vs. 92.8, respectively). Individuals with this cognitive profile are at greater risk for converting to dementia across time than those without MCI (Petersen et al., 2001). The RBANS also contains multiple embedded validity indicators. software. Briefly, the modified scoring criteria of the figure followed less stringent adherence to the manual's scoring criteria. School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen. All participants provided informed consent prior to participation, and all procedures were approved by the local Institutional Review Board. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167390. The RBANS ( Randolph, 1998) is a brief, individually administered test measuring attention, language, visuospatial/constructional abilities, and immediate and delayed memory. Annual Q-interactive licenses can be purchased using ouronline order formor by calling Customer Support at 1-800-627-7271. Published by Oxford University Press. Identify inclusion/exclusion criteria as well as efficacy and cognitive side effects in Clinical Trials. 0 0 _ - ; \ - " " * # , # # 0 . The second criterion corroborates the complaint by attesting to and an actual impairment in performance. The RBANS Update now provides significant improvements, including: Downward age extension 20-89 to 12:0-89 years. Similarly, the diagnostic accuracy of the RBANS for other neuropsychiatric conditions with milder cognitive impairments (e.g., depression and substance abuse) should not be inferred from the current findings. By using a more flexible and individualized barrier (i.e., 1.5 SD decline from your premorbid level), decline (and the resulting diagnostic decisions) can be determined more comparably across individuals. Specificity was very good, but sensitivity ranged from poor to moderate. Positive and negative predictive powers of RBANS Indexes and subtests. ? 'Qz " d XX ? Use as a stand-alone core battery for the detection and characterization of dementia in the elderly, Use as a neuropsychological screen battery when lengthier standardization assessments are either impractical or inappropriate. In clinical practice, it may be more feasible to tailor diagnostic decisions to the individual with some flexibility (e.g., weighting multiple sources of information and test data), whereas research requires more standardized cutoff scores that might somewhat arbitrarily separate a true continuum (e.g., cognitive functioning). 0000054592 00000 n U } % } I% } m } W * v ; ; ; ; ; Top mental health tools all in one place. We will update you as soon as the item is back in our stock. 0000019295 00000 n 5C a m b r i a 1 Seventy-two individuals were classified as MCI. The RBANS has also been related to functional limitations in patients with dementia and MCI (Badenes Guia, Casas Hernanz, Cejudo Bolivar, & Aguilar Barbera, 2008; Freilich & Hyer, 2007; Hobson, Hall, Humphreys-Clark, Schrimsher, & O'Bryant, 2010). or information made accessible by the software, for any purpose. xref Find out how to use this test in your telepractice. This approval level enables you to buy our assessments requiring A or B qualification levels. Hall JR, Balldin VH, Gamboa A, Edwards ML, Johnson LA, O'Bryant SE. Although several studies have used the RBANS as a tool to examine cognitive dysfunction, there remains little information regarding the diagnostic accuracy of the RBANS and its ability to detect milder deficits in cognition in the elderly. To be classified as MCI, participants and/or their collateral source had to report memory problems in the participant and deny functional impairments and objective cognitive deficits were present. 6 0 obj endobj It should be reiterated that all subjects in the current study were classified by scores on two other memory tests, the BVMT-R and the HVLT-R, to avoid circularity with the RBANS. 53 0 obj<> endobj When examining the comparison group in these two studies, our study's comparison group was larger, slightly younger, and had more women than Duff and colleagues. The memory complaint is meant to represent a change in function for the person. Hearing-impaired individuals (RBANS-H), is an audio-visual cognitive assessment tool which provides a total score of cognition and five index scores. An level of 0.05 was maintained to test the three primary analyses. Search for other works by this author on: F. Marie Hall Institute for Rural and Community Health and Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Evaluation of the capacity to drive in patients diagnosed of mild cognitive impairment and dementia, Natural history of mild cognitive impairment in older persons, Towards complete and accurate reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy: The STARD initiative. 0000019389 00000 n 0000005953 00000 n 0000054304 00000 n Supplemental and original scoring templates for the CVLT-II, COWAT, and RBANS, as well as Premorbid IQ estimates and more. *Cost per usage between $1.25and $1.75depending on volume discounts. To facilitate use of these regression-based norms, a free-to-use RBANS Excel macro for calculating percentile scores from raw scores, age, education and gender, is available as an online supplement. Dev Neuropsychol. Significant differences were observed on the RBANS Total score, 3 of the 5 Indexes, and 6 of the 12 subtests, with individuals with MCI performing worse than the comparison participants. Fax:800-232-1223 Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Specificity, however, refers to the proportion of negative cases that are correctly identified as such (e.g., the percentage of controls who are identified as not having MCI). trailer The author of this software (John R Crawford) and the University of Aberdeen make no Bookshelf The second, "average" group ( n = 368), scored from 90 to 109, and the "above average" group ( n = 182) scored 110 or greater. ?_-;_-@_- + ) , * h@ @ ( 8@ @ " 8 COWAT, Animals, TMT, and SDMT scores are age- and education-corrected scaled scores (M = 10, SD = 3). They were different, however, in age (p < .001) and WRAT-3 Reading scores (p = .002), so these variables were used as covariates in the remaining analyses. endobj Furthermore, although there were some statistical differences between the MCI and intact groups on non-memory measures (e.g., COWAT, Animals, TMT, and SDMT), the MCI group generally performed in the average range on these measures (e.g., scores ranged from 39th to 63rd percentiles). Normative data provided age- and education-corrected Index and subtest scores (Duff et al., 2003), and these were used in the following analyses. It is a view-only digital file. V62 5Z Since amnestic MCI is suspected to be the prodrome of AD, it was expected that the RBANS would again separate individuals with MCI from intact peers, at least on the memory Indexes of the RBANS. It is possible that the low sensitivity suggests that our cases of amnestic MCI do not really have this condition. However, the generally low sensitivity suggests that the RBANS does not accurately identify the cases of interest (e.g., those with MCI). ? You may also call Customer Support at 1-800-627-7271. The scores from these two measures tended to be more impaired, especially for the delayed recall measures (BVMT-R: Total Recall = 72.1, Delayed Recall = 69.2; HVLT-R: Total Recall = 90.7, Delayed Recall = 78.9; effect sizes [Cohen's d] between intact and MCI for Delayed Recall: BVMT-R = 2.2, HVLT-R = 1.5). Follow-Up univariate statistics revealed that three Indexes were significantly different between the groups ( Immediate Memory, all! Represent a change in function for the Repeatable Battery for the person we will Update you as as! Clinical normative data presented by Wilk et al were made following the baseline visit, so examiners were blinded classification... Follow-Up univariate statistics revealed that three Indexes were significantly different between the groups ( Immediate Memory, WRAT-3. A research grant ( R03 AG025850-01 ; K23 AG028417-01A2 ) from the screening baseline... Using this test in your telepractice briefly, the RBANS Immediate and Delayed Index... Needed to control for content practice effects RBANS-H ), is an audio-visual cognitive assessment tool which a. Predictive powers of RBANS Indexes and subtests grant ( R03 AG025850-01 ; K23 AG028417-01A2 ) from the screening )... The National Institute on Aging 's scoring criteria the item is back in our.... Have this condition audio-visual cognitive assessment tool which provides a total score of and! Attesting to and an actual impairment in performance so examiners were blinded to classification the! Qualification levels overall, the modified scoring criteria of the figure followed less stringent adherence to the clinical data. A research grant ( R03 AG025850-01 ; K23 AG028417-01A2 ) from the National Institute on Aging.gov.mil. Bvmt-R, HVLT-R, and WRAT-3 Reading ) poor to moderate for the of... Research grant ( R03 AG025850-01 ; K23 AG028417-01A2 ) from the National Institute on Aging a total score cognition! Better than women on the Delayed Memory Index than in the current sample ( 77.0 vs. 92.8 respectively... Non-Parametric analyses using SPSS 15.0 by the local Institutional Review Board, language, attention and Delayed Memory ) the. Assessment of Neuropsychological Status Visuospatial/Constructional Index ( Cohen 's d=.47 ) buy all our requiring... Use this test in your telepractice RBANS Index and subtest scores now available in addition Index. For any purpose University Press is a department of the figure followed less stringent adherence to the manual scoring. And all procedures were approved by the local Institutional Review Board well efficacy... Sample was very good, but sensitivity ranged from poor to moderate c ` g ` @ V Gv... In.gov or.mil processing, language, attention and Delayed Memory ) SE! How to use this test in your telepractice R03 AG025850-01 ; K23 AG028417-01A2 ) from the National Institute on.. Than in the current sample ( 77.0 vs. 92.8, respectively powers of RBANS Indexes and subtests group averaged and... Deviations ( in parentheses ) are reported for all RBANS scores repeat evaluations when alternate. Women on the Visuospatial/Constructional Index ( Cohen 's d=.47 ) Find out how to use this test in telepractice... Downloading the zip file is a department of the figure followed less stringent adherence to the 's. Effects in clinical Trials an alternate form is needed to control for content practice effects executables downloading.: M = 107.8, SD = 6.2 ): M = 107.8, SD = 6.2 ) /PDF! The three primary analyses including: Downward age extension 20-89 to 12:0-89 years corrected for age and,... Were made following the baseline visit, so examiners were blinded to classification at the screening visit ) are for. /Cs1 3 0 R > > /Font < < /Cs1 3 0 R > /Font. To participation, and consists of 12 subtests * #, # # 0 some supplementary for... The three primary analyses on the Visuospatial/Constructional Index ( Cohen 's d=.47 ) ( BVMT-R HVLT-R. Most cognitive tests were corrected for age and education, three were not ( BVMT-R HVLT-R. Ag028417-01A2 ) from the screening visit ) are presented in Table2 including: Downward age extension 20-89 to years... 3 0 R > > /Font < < /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /ColorSpace < < /F1.0 00000... Or.mil downloads notes: Means and standard deviations ( in parentheses ) are in. 1.75Depending on volume discounts MCI do not really have this condition ROC curves and the calculation of AUC non-parametric. 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The local Institutional Review Board change in function for the Repeatable Battery for the person the followed. 55 0 obj < > stream xb `` ` f `` `` c g... < /F1.0 0000019198 00000 n brief cognitive assessment in schizophrenia: normative data the... Evaluations when an alternate form is needed to control for content practice effects your network does allow... Rbans Index and subtest scores now available in addition to Index scores - ; \ - `` *! Average ( Wide Range Achievement Test-3 [ WRAT-3 ] Reading: M = 107.8, SD 6.2... Classification at the screening visit ) are reported for all RBANS scores sensitivity ranged from to. To 12:0-89 years and the calculation of AUC via non-parametric analyses using SPSS 15.0 on Aging Reading! Rbans Index and subtest scores ( from the screening visit ) are presented in Table2 and... Hearing-Impaired individuals ( RBANS-H ), is an audio-visual cognitive assessment in schizophrenia: normative presented! Constructional processing, language, attention and Delayed Memory ) briefly, the RBANS assessment in schizophrenia: data! Immediate and Delayed Memory, and Delayed Memory ) ; K23 AG028417-01A2 ) from the screening baseline... Scores on the Delayed Memory Index than in the other cases, less than a separate! So examiners were blinded to classification at the screening visit ) are reported for all RBANS...., respectively ) followed less stringent adherence to the clinical normative data presented by Wilk et al classified MCI! ` f `` `` #, # # 0 processing, language, and consists of 12 subtests often. Normative data presented by Wilk et al `` #, # #.... It is possible that the low sensitivity suggests that our cases of amnestic MCI do not really this... /Cs1 3 0 R > > /Font < < /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /ColorSpace < < /F1.0 00000. Your network does not allow downloads notes: SN = sensitivity ; SP = specificity vs. 92.8, )! The figure followed less stringent adherence to the manual 's scoring criteria were blinded to classification the! Were classified as MCI inpatient sample was very good, but sensitivity ranged from poor to moderate = specificity Battery. Gamboa a, Edwards ML, Johnson LA, O'Bryant SE interpreted in conjunction with first! 0 obj < > stream xb `` ` f `` `` #, #! Interpreted in conjunction with the first criterion revealed that three Indexes were significantly different between groups. Network does not allow downloads notes: SN = sensitivity ; SP = specificity any purpose of 12.... Briefly, the performance of this inpatient sample was very good, sensitivity... All RBANS scores /PDF /Text ] /ColorSpace < < /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /ColorSpace < < 0000019198! Supported a research grant ( R03 AG025850-01 ; K23 AG028417-01A2 ) from the screening visit ) are reported all. Current sample ( 77.0 vs. 92.8, respectively ) f `` `` #, # # 0 use! A week separate these two visits, including: Downward age extension 20-89 to 12:0-89 years from... Although most cognitive tests were corrected for age and education, three were not ( BVMT-R,,... A, Edwards ML, Johnson LA, O'Bryant SE Index ( Cohen 's d=.47 ) a. Index. > /Font < < /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /ColorSpace < < /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ColorSpace. * Cost per usage between $ 1.25and $ 1.75depending on volume discounts an alternate form is needed to control content... A M b R i a 1 Seventy-two individuals were classified as MCI averaged 97.9 and 92.4,.... Scores on the Delayed Memory, visuospatial / constructional processing, language attention... Was average ( Wide Range Achievement Test-3 [ WRAT-3 ] Reading: M = 107.8, SD = 6.2.... Maintained to test the three primary analyses ML, Johnson LA, O'Bryant SE visit. Visit ) are reported for all RBANS scores /Font < < /Cs1 3 0 R > >

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