It is believed to have Jute origin. However, throughout the passing of time, demographically, their numbers gradually dwindled and had been subsequently assimilated in the local medieval Wallachian and Moldavian cultures by the overwhelming Romanian ethnic majority. Map and list of Transylvanian Saxon villages; The History of Transylvania and the Transylvania Saxons by Dr. Konrad Gndisch; Transylvanian Saxon surnames; Transylvanian placenames in different languages ; General site on the Transylvanian Saxons . present-day Rmnicu Vlcea) and Piteti (German: Pitesk). The Transylvanian Saxons origin and nature will be . : Out of 25 ancestral surnames, 12 or 13 look German: 1) Neumann . Further or subsequent waves of German colonists in Transylvania also stemmed from more southern regions of present-day Germany such as Thuringia or even Bavaria (the latter particularly valid for the Saxons in northeastern Transylvania). At the same time, especially after Romania's accession into NATO and the EU, many Transylvanian Saxons are returning from Germany, reclaiming property lost to the former communist regime and/or starting up small and medium-sized enterprises. Its weekly publication is the Volksblatt. Valea Viilor (German: Wurmloch) Evangelical Lutheran medieval fortified church, Saschiz (German: Keisd or Hnenburg) Evangelical Lutheran medieval fortified church, Viscri (German: Weisskirch) Evangelical Lutheran medieval fortified church, The Mongol invasion of 124142 devastated much of the Kingdom of Hungary. In 1211, King Andrew II of Hungary invited the Teutonic Knights to settle and defend the Burzenland in the southeastern corner of Transylvania. beschreiben oder auch ihre Persnlichkeit und Manierismen). Younger Saxons like Marlene Stanciu and Alex Herberth are returning to these communities and preserving their heritage (Credit: Stephen McGrath). It also has a series of characters which are different than in standard German (i.e. Nearly 200,000 Romanians have this surname. The initial phase of German settlement in Transylvania began in the mid and mid-late 12th century, with colonists travelling to and residing in what would later become known in standard German as Altland (i.e. When Romania signed a peace treaty with the Soviets in 1944, the German military began withdrawing the Saxons from Transylvania; this operation was most thorough with the Saxons of the Nsnerland (Bistria area). We have a duty to do something because otherwise everything will be lost, she added. Read More. [37], Saxon colonization in Moldavia had likely occurred through a crossing from the Bistria area eastward and northward whereas Saxon colonization in Wallachia had likely occurred from the Sibiu/Hermannstadt area. The Transylvanian Saxons are a people of mainly German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania in various waves, starting from the mid and mid-late 12th century until the mid 19th century. An Outline of Transsilvanian-Saxon History by Klaus Popa, MA (inglise keeles) The History of Transylvania and the Transylvania Saxons by Dr. Konrad Gndisch (inglise keeles) Transylvanian Saxon surnames (inglise keeles) Transylvanian placenames in different languages (saksa keeles) General site on the Transylvanian Saxons (saksa keeles) In the Middle Ages, approximately 300 villages were defended by the Kirchenburgen, or fortified churches with massive walls and watch towers.[29]. The represents the sound [r], which exists in some dialects of Latvian, but not in . . Between 1978 to 1989, under the cash-strapped communist dictatorship of Nicolae Ceauescu, manySaxons were soldin a mutual government schemeto West Germany in exchange for cash. After 1918 and the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, in the wake of the Treaty of Trianon (signed in 1920), Transylvania united with the Kingdom of Romania, after the Transylvanian Saxons also voted for the union with the Romanian kingdom in February 1919. German merchants arrived in the 12th century to help defend the region against the Tatars and Turks. these personal identifiers became, Einige Forscher denken das die Bedeutungen von Nachnamen von wenigen Wert sind, [46], One prominent example of a local traditional dessert of the Transylvanian Saxons is the hanklich (Romanian: hencle or hencle ssesc), a sweet cheese pie with powdered sugar on top (variations include plums as main ingredients, raisins, or other dry fruits). It was very hard at the beginning when our neighbours left, and when my best friend left as well that was very tough.. Mehr Siebenbrgische Familiennamen Sie kamen durch mit nur einen Namen The latter region, centered around the town of Mhlbach (Romanian: Sebe), was known as Unterwald. und ihre Orte, Als Leute in kleinen Gruppen wohnten, haben sie bleibende Nachnamen, so An Outline of Transsilvanian-Saxon History by Klaus Popa, MA Diarsipkan 2021-01-22 di Wayback Machine. (Familienanzeigen: Siebenbrgische Zeitung). Zakel has traced her family history in this village as far back as the 17th Century. . wie wir sie wissen, nicht gebraucht. Nachnamen sind heute wichtig Individuellen und Familien ber Zeit zu identifizieren. While many Saxon buildings these days have been insensitively renovated, or are in various stages of neglect, the architectural complex in Cincor which includes the fortified church, the large parish house, the former Saxon school and a typical Saxon peasant house has been traditionally restored by Schuster and her husband and now operates as guesthouses. This 1955 circa photo shows, in addition to the building exterior, a garden added in 1953 and a memorial to Veterans added in 1955. After the collapse of the Ceauescu regime in 1989 and the fall of the East German communist government, many of them continued to emigrate to unified Germany. z.B. Period: 2002 to 2005", "Southern Bukovina German villages 1940", Jan Erich Schulte, Michael Wildt (Hg. Although the Teutonic Knights had left Transylvania, the Saxon colonists remained, and the king allowed them to retain the rights and obligations included within the Diploma Andreanum of 1224 by Hungarian King Andrew II. Submitted names are contributed by users of this website. The ALLIANCE OF TRANSYLVANIAN SAXONS, organized on 1 May 1895 in Cleveland as the Transylvanian Saxon Sick Benefit Society, is a national fraternal society with headquarters and 4 branches in Cleveland.Created by 27 men, George Sift, a machinist, served as the first president. und ihre Orte They called Transylvania "Siebenbrg," meaning "seven towns," for their original seven settlements. [38] Historically, the town of Suceava has also been known in Old High German as Sedschopff. In the aftermath of the invasion, many Transylvanian towns were fortified with stone castles and an emphasis was put on developing towns economically. Stelle-verwandt (aktuelle Wohnung-Stelle, ehemaliger Wohnsitz, The Transylvanian Saxons (German: Siebenbrger Sachsen; Hungarian: Erdlyi szszok; Romanian: Sai) are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania (German: Siebenbrgen) from the 12th century onwards. The literal translation of this Romanian last name is 'black beard.'. The new pro-Soviet government of Romania suppressed their historical rights and confiscated properties. Apply this search to the main name collection, the letters in the pattern are compared to the letters in the name, search for an exact phrase by surrounding it with double quotes, this field understands simple boolean logic, force a term to be included by preceding it with a, force a term to be excluded by preceding it with a, sounds can only be searched in names that have been assigned pronunciations, syllables can only be counted in names that have been assigned pronunciations, names without pronunciations are excluded from results. THE TRANSYLVANIAN SAXONS IN 1848 The Germans of Transylvania, commonly called the Saxons, settled in the 12th and 13th centuries between Orastie and Brasov in the southeast and in the northeast around Bistrita. Rooms were built inside the walls, serving as food deposits in times of peace and shelter in times of siege. Occupational, the second largest group of surnames, and nicknames are of mixed linguistic heritage, mainly Anglo-Saxon and Norman French, but with some Scandinavian influence as well. To download a copy, please contact hello@wikitongues.org.Th. . und gebrauchten einen weiterern Erkennungsnamen nur wenn es ntig war. On the history of the Transylvanian Saxons, it is very important to note what former federal German president and professor doctor Theodor Heuss (FDP) stated, namely: "their history is a piece of German history as a whole".[21]. Join more than three million BBC Travel fans by liking us onFacebook, or follow us onTwitterandInstagram. The Transylvanian Saxon population has been steadily decreasing since World War II as they started leaving the territory of present-day Romania en masse during and after World War II, relocating initially to Austria, then predominantly to southern Germany (especially in Bavaria). The old wicker basket is almost full, but it is one of many tasks required by Zakel, who lives in Switzerland but visits regularly, as she goes about maintaining and restoring this old farmhouse to keep her ancestral heritage alive. The Transylvanian Saxons, called like that since medieval times, are representing a western population with unknown origin, settled in the Arch of Romanian Carpathian Mountains in the earliest of the 12th century. Although the colonists came mostly from the western Holy Roman Empire and generally spoke Franconian dialects, they were collectively known as Saxons because of Germans working for the Hungarian chancellery. aside from Luxembourg, also contemporary Netherlands and Belgium) and from modern day France as well. Carmen Schuster has transformed a traditional Saxon complex in the town of Cincor into guesthouses (Credit: Stephen McGrath). Their region was called the Szszfld (Hungarian: Saxon Lands) or Kirlyfld (Royal Lands). In 2017, after years of international travel, Marlene Stanciu and her partner Alex Herberth, who both have maternal Saxon heritage, moved to the large Saxon village of Cincu (Groschenk in German) to live in the former home of Stancius Saxon grandparents. A locational surname whose literal meaning is "woodland clearing on or near a ridge", derived from the Old English hrycg meaning "ridge" and leah, meaning "clearing". However, Bucharest owes to its German-born king, Carol I, much of the systematization and modernization that occurred during late 1800s early 1900s. The earliest religious organization of the Saxons was the Provostship of Hermannstadt (now Sibiu), founded 20 December 1191. She named it Casa Anna (Annas House) after her great aunt, who Zakel admired as a strong and confident woman who worked as the local village tailor. [17], The first wave of settlement continued well until the end of the 13th century. Hanklich from a local restaurant in Sibiu/Hermannstadt, Hanklich from a local bakery in Braov/Kronstadt, The Golden Charter of the Transylvanian Saxons, The proper usage of the term Saxon in the context of medieval Transylvania, Medieval colonies outside the Carpathian arch, Status of privileged class in Transylvania, Loss of elite status and unification with the Kingdom of Romania, The Hungarian King who invited the first German/Saxon settlers in Transylvania during the, The small blue grey-coloured region to the north of the map is situated in present-day. Although they remained a rich and influential group, the Saxons were no longer a dominant class within Modern Age Transylvania. fixiert worden, und Leute haben manchmal ihren Namen gendert! Transylvanian Saxon; in its longest form Siweberjesch-Sksesch) and remains, still to this day, very closely related to Luxembourgish with which it shares many lexical similarities. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The Cleveland group brought together representatives of other Saxon groups in Erie, PA, on 5 July 1902 to form the . history. Because they are considered Auslandsdeutsche ("Germans from abroad") by the German government, the Saxons have the right to German citizenship under the law of return. Good luck in your hunt! Hochdeutsch), for example '' (or dumpfes a as it is known in standard German) which is pronounced as in Norwegian or Danish. The word means 'god-given' or ' gift of God .'. It has also come in contact with Romanian and Hungarian from which several words were derived. An Outline of Transsilvanian-Saxon History by Klaus Popa, MA Arhivirano 2021-01-22 na Wayback Machine. The Transylvanian Saxons (German: Siebenbrger Sachsen; Transylvanian Saxon: Siweberjer Sksen[6][7] or simply Soxen, singularly Sox or Soax; Transylvanian Landler: Soxn or Soxisch; Romanian: Sai ardeleni, sai transilvneni/transilvani; Hungarian: erdlyi szszok) are a people of mainly German ethnicity (and overall Germanic origin; mostly Luxembourgish) who settled in Transylvania (Romanian: Transilvania, German: Siebenbrgen or Transsilvanien, Latin: Transsilvania, Septem Castra or Septem Castrensis, Medieval Latin: Trnsylvnia) in various waves, starting from the mid and mid-late 12th century until the mid 19th century. It was used in writing to some text extent from then on, although High German was also used as a written language, and by the 19th century High German was the main written language used by Transylvanian Saxons. "Transylvanian-Saxons: a very brief introduction on their history", "Saii sibieni care dein recordul la atragerea de fonduri europene", "Romnii, n Transilvania, pe urmele Prinului Charles; strinii, pe urmele tradiiilor pierdute", "Strinii ne dau bani pentru a salva patrimoniul Romniei", "Safeguarding the Saxon Heritage in Transylvania. Stanciu and Herberth have also revived a Saxon tradition called Urzelnlaufen, the custom of chasing away winter and bad spirits from the streets with handmade ghoulish-looking masks. Church keeper Hildegard Linzing and her family all speak in the Saxon dialect when they are at home (Credit: Stephen McGrath). 1947 verschiedene Familiennamen. Read about our approach to external linking. The house is an intriguing museum full of relics, including pits in the cellar floors which her family would have used as refrigerators. As the semi-independent Principality of Transylvania was one of the most religiously tolerant states in Europe at the time, the Saxons were allowed to practice their own religion (meaning that they enjoyed religious autonomy). Fortification of the towns. Schlesien - Silesia Baby Names - Boys, Girls Names. In 1945 more than 70,000 Transylvanian Saxons were apprehended by Soviet occupiers and deported to labour camps in Siberia. Over the next few centuries, they built seven fortress towns, known as the Siebenbrgen, and hundreds of fortified churches. Today, Romanias Saxon population is around just 12,000, most of whom are elderly. In these regards, the Transylvanian Saxon cuisine can be regarded as quintessentially Central European. identifiers could change. The Transylvanian-Saxons or simply "Saxons," were ethnic Germans who had been invited to Transylvania in the 12th century by the Hungarian king, Geza II. The patronymic surnames were derived largely from the Norman given names and the early Christian saints' names. Although the Saxons did their best to resist and even tried to valiantly fight back the Mongol invaders, their resistance was eventually turned down by the Mongols and many of their settlements were destroyed or ruined in the process. Each person in a family might have a different descriptive identifier and those Map depicting the local autonomies in the Kingdom of Hungary during the 13th century (blue grey denotes Transylvanian Saxon autonomous medieval seats/territories). B etween the collapse of the Ceausescu regime in December 1989 and the spring of 1990, half a million indigenous so-called "Saxons" fled Romania for West Germany. ( Mac / Adobe Stock) Transylvanian Fortified Churches as Heritage of Saxon Settlers . John the Saxon), Johannes Benkner (a former mayor of Braov/Kronstadt), or Astrid Fodor (current mayor of Sibu/Hermannstadt). Geni requires JavaScript! A newspaper dedicated to the community of Hungarian-Germans in Ohio is now on Chronicling America! In the 18th and 19th centuries Sephardic and Orthodox communities emerged in the Banat and the . If you liked this story,sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newslettercalled "The Essential List". I have given after each surname the modern Romanian translation of the elements; most of these translations are probably accurate for medieval Romanian, but I cannot say for sure. THE RESTORATION OF THE TRANSYLVANIAN HUNGARIAN ARISTOCRATS. Statue of Johannes Honterus in Braov/Kronstadt by German sculptor Harro Magnussen, Stephan Ludwig Roth, intellectual and national hero for both the Transylvanian Saxons and the Romanians, Samuel von Brukenthal, Transylvanian Saxon intellectual and baron, Edith Soterius von Sachsenheim, visual artist. In Old High German as Sedschopff southeastern corner of Transylvania words were derived from! 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